Guides

• How HeatPumpPayback Calculates Your City's Number — The physics, the assumptions, and the data sources behind every city's heat pump payback estimate — every constant the model uses, named and sourced.
• Where a Heat Pump Doesn't Pay Back, and Why — A heat pump costing more than it saves is not a bug — in cold, cheap-gas cities the honest answer is often no. What that looks like in real numbers.
• Cold-Climate vs. Standard Heat Pumps: The 25°F Line — Below a 25°F winter design temperature a standard heat pump leans on resistance backup and loses most of its advantage. Here is what changes, and where.
• How the Federal Tax Credit Changes the Payback Math — IRA §25C cuts equipment cost by 30%, capped at $2,000/yr — enough to turn an 8-year payback into 3 in some cities, and to change nothing in others.
• Heat Pump vs. Electric Baseboard, Not Gas — Not every home has gas. Against electric-resistance heat, the payback case is stronger almost everywhere — including cities where the gas comparison says no.